1:"$Sreact.fragment"
2:I[10156,[],""]
3:I[6746,[],""]
4:I[32046,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","104","static/chunks/104-e8a10a728f64230d.js","3374","static/chunks/3374-cffcb39c106cc278.js","6344","static/chunks/6344-f0148458c0499269.js","4039","static/chunks/4039-57004f19cabb428d.js","2043","static/chunks/2043-cb8fa44c52a8f8b9.js","9559","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/layout-f1654a8743c45d75.js"],"PreloadChunks"]
5:I[56699,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","104","static/chunks/104-e8a10a728f64230d.js","3374","static/chunks/3374-cffcb39c106cc278.js","6344","static/chunks/6344-f0148458c0499269.js","4039","static/chunks/4039-57004f19cabb428d.js","2043","static/chunks/2043-cb8fa44c52a8f8b9.js","9559","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/layout-f1654a8743c45d75.js"],"default"]
6:I[76837,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","104","static/chunks/104-e8a10a728f64230d.js","3374","static/chunks/3374-cffcb39c106cc278.js","6344","static/chunks/6344-f0148458c0499269.js","4039","static/chunks/4039-57004f19cabb428d.js","2043","static/chunks/2043-cb8fa44c52a8f8b9.js","9559","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/layout-f1654a8743c45d75.js"],"default"]
7:I[32043,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","104","static/chunks/104-e8a10a728f64230d.js","3374","static/chunks/3374-cffcb39c106cc278.js","6344","static/chunks/6344-f0148458c0499269.js","4039","static/chunks/4039-57004f19cabb428d.js","2043","static/chunks/2043-cb8fa44c52a8f8b9.js","9559","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/layout-f1654a8743c45d75.js"],"default"]
8:I[67821,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","6956","static/chunks/66a6e935-aee5d3cb85c323ac.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","9858","static/chunks/9858-f1918ded0530ca69.js","609","static/chunks/609-95e41ae6a69b88b2.js","2456","static/chunks/2456-94cb89c116d69dd0.js","994","static/chunks/994-2c56ebb2d663b523.js","6472","static/chunks/6472-2ee935ddbae5821a.js","3349","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/calculators/%5Bcategory%5D/%5Bslug%5D/page-70bb6ad84377852d.js"],""]
1b:I[14600,[],"default",1]
:HL["/_next/static/media/849c382dee069680-s.p.woff2","font",{"crossOrigin":"","type":"font/woff2"}]
:HL["/_next/static/media/e4af272ccee01ff0-s.p.woff2","font",{"crossOrigin":"","type":"font/woff2"}]
:HL["/_next/static/css/60d9b09af57ce3c6.css","style"]
:HL["/_next/static/css/9c59f2e83b7f05d1.css","style"]
0:{"P":null,"c":["","calculators","everyday","battery-capacity.rsc"],"q":"","i":false,"f":[[["",{"children":["(frontend)",{"children":["calculators",{"children":[["category","everyday","d",null],{"children":[["slug","battery-capacity","d",null],{"children":["__PAGE__",{}]}]}]}]},"$undefined","$undefined",16]}],[["$","$1","c",{"children":[null,["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":[[["$","title",null,{"children":"404: This page could not be found."}],["$","div",null,{"style":{"fontFamily":"system-ui,\"Segoe UI\",Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,\"Apple Color Emoji\",\"Segoe UI Emoji\"","height":"100vh","textAlign":"center","display":"flex","flexDirection":"column","alignItems":"center","justifyContent":"center"},"children":["$","div",null,{"children":[["$","style",null,{"dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"body{color:#000;background:#fff;margin:0}.next-error-h1{border-right:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.3)}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{color:#fff;background:#000}.next-error-h1{border-right:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3)}}"}}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"next-error-h1","style":{"display":"inline-block","margin":"0 20px 0 0","padding":"0 23px 0 0","fontSize":24,"fontWeight":500,"verticalAlign":"top","lineHeight":"49px"},"children":404}],["$","div",null,{"style":{"display":"inline-block"},"children":["$","h2",null,{"style":{"fontSize":14,"fontWeight":400,"lineHeight":"49px","margin":0},"children":"This page could not be found."}]}]]}]}]],[]],"forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]]}],{"children":[["$","$1","c",{"children":[[["$","link","0",{"rel":"stylesheet","href":"/_next/static/css/60d9b09af57ce3c6.css","precedence":"next","crossOrigin":"$undefined","nonce":"$undefined"}],["$","link","1",{"rel":"stylesheet","href":"/_next/static/css/9c59f2e83b7f05d1.css","precedence":"next","crossOrigin":"$undefined","nonce":"$undefined"}]],["$","html",null,{"lang":"en","data-scroll-behavior":"smooth","children":[[["$","$L4",null,{"moduleIds":["app/(frontend)/layout.tsx -> #/ui/crisp"]}],["$","$L5",null,{}]],["$","body",null,{"className":"bg-white antialiased dark:bg-mist-950 __variable_f367f3 __variable_008b00","suppressHydrationWarning":true,"children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex min-h-screen flex-col justify-between","children":[["$","$L6",null,{}],["$","$L7",null,{"children":["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":[["$","main",null,{"className":"isolate overflow-clip","children":["$","section",null,{"className":"py-16","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"mx-auto w-full max-w-2xl px-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-7xl lg:px-10 flex flex-col items-center gap-6","children":[["$","h1",null,{"className":"font-display text-5xl/12 tracking-tight text-balance sm:text-[5rem]/20 text-mist-950 dark:text-white max-w-5xl text-center","children":"Page not found"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-lg/8 text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400 max-w-xl text-center","children":["$","p",null,{"children":"Sorry, the page you were looking for could not be found."}]}],["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/","className":"inline-flex items-center gap-2 text-sm/7 font-medium text-mist-950 dark:text-white","children":["Go back home ",["$","svg",null,{"width":13,"height":7,"viewBox":"0 0 13 7","fill":"none","strokeWidth":1,"role":"image","className":"inline-block","children":[["$","path",null,{"d":"M12.5049 3.49512L0.504883 3.49512","stroke":"currentColor","strokeLinecap":"round","strokeLinejoin":"round"}],["$","path",null,{"d":"M9.5 6.5L12.5 3.5L9.5 0.5","stroke":"currentColor","strokeLinecap":"round","strokeLinejoin":"round"}]]}]]}]]}]}]}],[]],"forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]}],["$","footer",null,{"children":["$","div",null,{"className":"bg-mist-950/2.5 py-16 text-mist-950 dark:bg-white/5 dark:text-white","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"mx-auto w-full max-w-2xl px-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-7xl lg:px-10 flex flex-col gap-12","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex flex-col items-start justify-between gap-6 sm:flex-row","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex flex-col items-start gap-2","children":[["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/","children":["$","svg",null,{"className":"h-5 w-auto","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","width":742,"height":68,"viewBox":"0 0 742 68","fill":"none","children":[["$","path",null,{"fill":"#161616","d":"M129.5 41.4c0-13 10.5-23.4 23.4-23.4 12.9 0 23.3 10.4 23.3 23.4v22.7h-11.8v-4.8c-1.4 3-6.3 5.5-11.5 5.5-12.9 0-23.4-10.4-23.4-23.4Zm35 0c0-6.7-4.8-11.9-11.5-11.9s-11.7 5.2-11.7 11.9 5 11.9 11.7 11.9c6.7 0 11.5-5.2 11.5-11.9ZM181.2 41.4c0-13 10.4-23.4 23.4-23.4 13 0 19.8 7.2 22.5 16.9h-12.5c-2-3.3-5.5-5.4-9.9-5.4-6.7 0-11.7 5.2-11.7 11.9s5 11.9 11.7 11.9c6.7 0 7.4-2 9.5-5H227c-2.9 9.6-11.8 16.5-22.4 16.5-10.6 0-23.4-10.4-23.4-23.4ZM248.3 30.3v12.4c0 7.3 2.4 10.2 8.2 10.2v11.5c-11.6 0-19.9-6.4-19.9-21.7V30.3h-6.7V18.8h6.6V1.1h11.8v17.7h8.3v11.5H248.3ZM274 18.7h-11.8V64H274V18.7ZM277.8 18.7h12.3l10.3 29.8 10.4-29.8h12.3L306.2 64h-11.8l-16.8-45.3h.2ZM345.8 18c11.2 0 23.2 8 23.7 22.4 0 2.1 0 4.1-.4 5.6h-33.6c1.1 4.5 5.1 7.3 10.3 7.3 5.2 0 6.3-1.5 7.8-2.6h14c-3.6 8.3-11.9 14.1-21.5 14.1s-23.4-10.4-23.4-23.3 10-23.5 23-23.5h.1Zm11 18.6c-1.8-4.3-6.2-7.1-10.7-7.1-4.5 0-8.9 2.8-10.7 7.1h21.4Z"}],"$L9","$La","$Lb","$Lc","$Ld","$Le"]}]}],"$Lf"]}],"$L10"]}],"$L11","$L12"]}]}]}]]}],"$L13"]}],"$L14"]}]]}],{"children":["$L15",{"children":["$L16",{"children":["$L17",{"children":["$L18",{},null,false,null]},null,false,"$@19"]},null,false,"$@19"]},null,false,"$@19"]},null,false,null]},null,false,"$@19"],"$L1a",false]],"m":"$undefined","G":["$1b",[]],"S":true,"h":null,"b":"p3loIE2XIKLH3Rl5qUfaA"}
1d:I[14245,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","104","static/chunks/104-e8a10a728f64230d.js","3374","static/chunks/3374-cffcb39c106cc278.js","6344","static/chunks/6344-f0148458c0499269.js","4039","static/chunks/4039-57004f19cabb428d.js","2043","static/chunks/2043-cb8fa44c52a8f8b9.js","9559","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/layout-f1654a8743c45d75.js"],"Button"]
23:I[19592,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","6956","static/chunks/66a6e935-aee5d3cb85c323ac.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","9858","static/chunks/9858-f1918ded0530ca69.js","609","static/chunks/609-95e41ae6a69b88b2.js","6344","static/chunks/6344-f0148458c0499269.js","2456","static/chunks/2456-94cb89c116d69dd0.js","994","static/chunks/994-2c56ebb2d663b523.js","6472","static/chunks/6472-2ee935ddbae5821a.js","2018","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/%5B...slug%5D/page-dcf70230194846a1.js"],""]
24:I[79066,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","6956","static/chunks/66a6e935-aee5d3cb85c323ac.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","9858","static/chunks/9858-f1918ded0530ca69.js","609","static/chunks/609-95e41ae6a69b88b2.js","6344","static/chunks/6344-f0148458c0499269.js","2456","static/chunks/2456-94cb89c116d69dd0.js","994","static/chunks/994-2c56ebb2d663b523.js","6472","static/chunks/6472-2ee935ddbae5821a.js","2018","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/%5B...slug%5D/page-dcf70230194846a1.js"],"GoogleTagManager"]
26:I[85305,[],"OutletBoundary"]
27:"$Sreact.suspense"
2a:I[85305,[],"ViewportBoundary"]
2c:I[85305,[],"MetadataBoundary"]
1c:T5a9,M373.9 41.4c0-13 10.5-23.4 23.4-23.4 12.9 0 16.9 5.3 20.6 12.8h-6.3c-3.2-4.4-8.2-7.3-14.2-7.3-10 0-17.7 7.9-17.7 17.9 0 10 7.9 17.9 17.7 17.9 9.8 0 11.1-3 14.2-7.3h6.4c-3.7 7.6-11.6 12.9-20.8 12.9-9.2 0-23.4-10.4-23.4-23.4l.1-.1ZM422.7 41.4c0-13 10.5-23.4 23.4-23.4 12.9 0 23.3 10.4 23.3 23.4v22.7h-5.8v-9.7c-3 6-9.8 10.4-17.5 10.4-12.9 0-23.4-10.4-23.4-23.4Zm41 0c0-10-7.5-17.9-17.5-17.9s-17.7 7.9-17.7 17.9c0 10 7.9 17.9 17.7 17.9 9.8 0 17.5-7.9 17.5-17.9ZM475.7 64.1V.7h5.8v63.4h-5.8ZM486.5 41.4c0-13 10.5-23.4 23.4-23.4 12.9 0 16.9 5.3 20.6 12.8h-6.3c-3.2-4.4-8.2-7.3-14.2-7.3-10 0-17.7 7.9-17.7 17.9 0 10 7.9 17.9 17.7 17.9 9.8 0 11.1-3 14.2-7.3h6.4c-3.7 7.6-11.6 12.9-20.8 12.9-9.2 0-23.4-10.4-23.4-23.4l.1-.1ZM575.6 18.7v23.8c0 15.2-8.3 22.2-19.9 22.2-11.6 0-19.9-7-19.9-22.2V18.7h5.8v23.8c0 11.3 5.7 16.7 14.1 16.7 8.4 0 14.1-5.3 14.1-16.7V18.7h5.8ZM581.9 64.1V.7h5.8v63.4h-5.8ZM592.7 41.4c0-13 10.5-23.4 23.4-23.4 12.9 0 23.3 10.4 23.3 23.4v22.7h-5.8v-9.7c-3 6-9.8 10.4-17.5 10.4-12.9 0-23.4-10.4-23.4-23.4Zm41 0c0-10-7.5-17.9-17.5-17.9s-17.7 7.9-17.7 17.9c0 10 7.9 17.9 17.7 17.9 9.8 0 17.5-7.9 17.5-17.9ZM652.5 24.3v18.2c0 10.1 4.4 15.1 11.4 16.2v5.6c-10.2-1-17.2-7.8-17.2-21.7V24.2h-6.8v-5.5h6.8V4.4h5.8v14.3h11.4v5.5h-11.4v.1ZM712 41.4c0 13-10.4 23.4-23.4 23.4-13 0-23.4-10.4-23.4-23.4 0-13 10.5-23.4 23.4-23.4 12.9 0 23.4 10.4 23.4 23.4Zm-41 0c0 10 7.9 17.9 17.7 17.9 9.8 0 17.5-7.9 17.5-17.9 0-10-7.5-17.9-17.5-17.9S671 31.4 671 41.4Z9:["$","path",null,{"fill":"#262626","d":"$1c"}]
a:["$","path",null,{"fill":"#09C269","d":"M274 1.1h-11.8v11.8H274V1.1Z"}]
b:["$","path",null,{"fill":"#161616","d":"M248.2 1.1v17.6L236.4 1.1h11.8Z"}]
c:["$","path",null,{"fill":"#09C269","d":"M65.2 47.1c-4.1-5.4-2.8-11.8-4.4-18-1.1-4.2-3.1-8.2-5.8-11.6-.7-.9-1.5-1.8-2.3-2.6-5.6-5.6-13.3-9-21.8-9C13.1 5.9-1.1 21 .2 39c1.3 18 13 26.9 27.9 28.2 9.6.8 18.4-2.8 24.6-9l-.4-.4c-3-3.8-5.1-8-6.3-12.6-3.3 5.7-9.7 9.4-16.8 8.7-8.1-.8-14.7-7.3-15.6-15.3-.9-8 7-19.4 17.3-19.4S43 22.7 46 27.9c2.6 4.6 2 9.6 3 14.6.9 4.8 2.9 9.3 6 13.2 5.6 7.1 14.3 11.6 24 11.6h30.8V55.2H82.1c-6.3 0-12.4-2.7-16.4-7.5-.2-.2-.4-.5-.6-.7l.1.1Z"}]
d:["$","path",null,{"fill":"#09C269","d":"M64 27.9c3-5.2 8.6-8.8 15.1-8.8 9.6 0 17.4 7.8 17.4 17.4h13.4c0-17-13.8-30.8-30.8-30.8s-16.2 3.5-21.8 9.1l.4.5c3 3.8 5.1 8 6.3 12.6Z"}]
e:["$","path",null,{"fill":"#262626","d":"M717.3 40.6c0-15.5 7.9-22.6 19.1-22.6h1.4v5.7h-1.4c-7.8 0-13.1 5.4-13.1 16.9v24.2h-6V40.6Z"}]
f:["$","p",null,{"className":"text-sm text-mist-600 dark:text-mist-400","children":"Interactive calculators that convert visitors into leads."}]
10:["$","$L1d",null,{"el":"a","href":"https://app.activecalculator.com/auth/signup","appearance":"default","label":"Get started free","data-umami-event":"click-cta-footer","data-umami-event-location":"footer"}]
11:["$","nav",null,{"className":"grid grid-cols-2 gap-6 text-sm/7 md:grid-cols-4","children":[["$","div","Use Cases",{"children":[["$","h3",null,{"children":"Use Cases"}],["$","ul",null,{"role":"list","className":"mt-2 flex flex-col gap-2","children":[["$","li","E-Commerce & Retail",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates/category/e-commerce","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"E-Commerce & Retail"}]}],["$","li","Finance",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates/category/finance","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Finance"}]}],["$","li","Unit Conversion",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates/category/unit-conversion","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Unit Conversion"}]}],["$","li","Price Quote",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates/category/price-quote","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Price Quote"}]}]]}],[["$","div","Industries",{"className":"mt-6","children":[["$","h3",null,{"children":"Industries"}],["$","ul",null,{"role":"list","className":"mt-2 flex flex-col gap-2","children":[["$","li","Screen Printing",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/industries/screen-printing","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Screen Printing"}]}],["$","li","Mortgage Brokers",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/industries/mortgage-brokers","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Mortgage Brokers"}]}],["$","li","Solar Energy",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/industries/solar-energy","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Solar Energy"}]}]]}]]}]]]}],["$","div","Templates",{"children":[["$","h3",null,{"children":"Templates"}],["$","ul",null,{"role":"list","className":"mt-2 flex flex-col gap-2","children":[["$","li","Ad Spend ROI Calculator",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates/ad-spend-roi-calculator","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Ad Spend ROI Calculator"}]}],["$","li","Amortization Payment Calculator Canada",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates/amortization-payment-calculator-canada","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Amortization Payment Calculator Canada"}]}],["$","li","Amortization Calculator",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates/amortization-calculator","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Amortization Calculator"}]}],["$","li","Balloon Loan Calculator Lead Gen",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates/balloon-loan-calculator-lead-gen","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Balloon Loan Calculator Lead Gen"}]}]]}],"$undefined"]}],["$","div","Product",{"children":[["$","h3",null,{"children":"Product"}],["$","ul",null,{"role":"list","className":"mt-2 flex flex-col gap-2","children":[["$","li","Templates",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/templates","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Templates"}]}],["$","li","Calculators",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/calculators","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Calculators"}]}],["$","li","Pricing",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":"$L1e"}],"$L1f","$L20","$L21"]}],"$undefined"]}],"$L22"]}]
12:["$","div",null,{"className":"flex flex-col items-start justify-between gap-4 border-t border-mist-950/10 pt-8 text-sm/7 sm:flex-row sm:items-center dark:border-white/10","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-4 gap-y-1 text-mist-600 dark:text-mist-500","children":[["$","span",null,{"children":["© ",2026," ActiveCalculator."]}],[["$","$L8","Privacy Policy",{"href":"/privacy","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Privacy Policy"}],["$","$L8","Terms of Service",{"href":"/terms","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Terms of Service"}]]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center gap-4","children":[["$","a","X",{"href":"https://twitter.com/activecalculator","target":"_blank","rel":"noopener noreferrer","aria-label":"X","data-umami-event":"click-social","data-umami-event-location":"footer","data-umami-event-target":"x","className":"text-mist-600 transition-colors *:size-5 hover:text-mist-950 dark:text-mist-500 dark:hover:text-white","children":["$","svg",null,{"width":24,"height":24,"viewBox":"0 0 24 24","fill":"currentColor","role":"image","className":"inline-block","children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M13.6833 10.6218L20.2401 3H18.6864L12.9931 9.61788L8.44583 3H3.20117L10.0775 13.0074L3.20117 21H4.75501L10.7673 14.0113L15.5695 21H20.8141L13.6833 10.6218ZM11.5551 13.0956L10.8584 12.0991L5.31488 4.16971H7.7015L12.1752 10.5689L12.8719 11.5655L18.6871 19.8835H16.3005L11.5551 13.0956Z"}]}]}],["$","a","LinkedIn",{"href":"https://linkedin.com/company/activecalculator","target":"_blank","rel":"noopener noreferrer","aria-label":"LinkedIn","data-umami-event":"click-social","data-umami-event-location":"footer","data-umami-event-target":"linkedin","className":"text-mist-600 transition-colors *:size-5 hover:text-mist-950 dark:text-mist-500 dark:hover:text-white","children":["$","svg",null,{"width":24,"height":24,"viewBox":"0 0 24 24","fill":"currentColor","role":"image","className":"inline-block","children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M20.447 20.452h-3.554v-5.569c0-1.328-.027-3.037-1.852-3.037-1.853 0-2.136 1.445-2.136 2.939v5.667H9.351V9h3.414v1.561h.046c.477-.9 1.637-1.85 3.37-1.85 3.601 0 4.267 2.37 4.267 5.455v6.286zM5.337 7.433a2.062 2.062 0 01-2.063-2.065 2.064 2.064 0 112.063 2.065zm1.782 13.019H3.555V9h3.564v11.452zM22.225 0H1.771C.792 0 0 .774 0 1.729v20.542C0 23.227.792 24 1.771 24h20.451C23.2 24 24 23.227 24 22.271V1.729C24 .774 23.2 0 22.222 0h.003z"}]}]}],["$","a","YouTube",{"href":"https://youtube.com/@activecalculator","target":"_blank","rel":"noopener noreferrer","aria-label":"YouTube","data-umami-event":"click-social","data-umami-event-location":"footer","data-umami-event-target":"youtube","className":"text-mist-600 transition-colors *:size-5 hover:text-mist-950 dark:text-mist-500 dark:hover:text-white","children":["$","svg",null,{"width":24,"height":24,"viewBox":"0 0 24 24","fill":"currentColor","role":"image","className":"inline-block","children":["$","path",null,{"fillRule":"evenodd","d":"M19.812 5.418c.861.23 1.538.907 1.768 1.768C21.998 8.746 22 12 22 12s0 3.255-.418 4.814a2.504 2.504 0 0 1-1.768 1.768c-1.56.419-7.814.419-7.814.419s-6.255 0-7.814-.419a2.505 2.505 0 0 1-1.768-1.768C2 15.255 2 12 2 12s0-3.255.417-4.814a2.507 2.507 0 0 1 1.768-1.768C5.744 5 11.998 5 11.998 5s6.255 0 7.814.418ZM15.194 12 10 15V9l5.194 3Z","clipRule":"evenodd"}]}]}]]}]]}]
13:["$","$L23",null,{"defer":true,"src":"https://analytics.selvo.co/script.js","data-website-id":"20975f57-f91a-4d7f-a72e-bc1f75a733ed","strategy":"afterInteractive"}]
14:["$","$L24",null,{"gtmId":"GTM-N55KJQ5L"}]
15:["$","$1","c",{"children":[null,["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":"$undefined","forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]]}]
16:["$","$1","c",{"children":[null,["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":"$undefined","forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]]}]
17:["$","$1","c",{"children":[null,["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":"$undefined","forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]]}]
18:["$","$1","c",{"children":["$L25",null,["$","$L26",null,{"children":["$","$27",null,{"name":"Next.MetadataOutlet","children":"$@28"}]}]]}]
29:[]
19:"$W29"
1a:["$","$1","h",{"children":[null,["$","$L2a",null,{"children":"$L2b"}],["$","div",null,{"hidden":true,"children":["$","$L2c",null,{"children":["$","$27",null,{"name":"Next.Metadata","children":"$L2d"}]}]}],["$","meta",null,{"name":"next-size-adjust","content":""}]]}]
1e:["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/pricing","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Pricing"}]
1f:["$","li","Help",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/help","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Help"}]}]
20:["$","li","API",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"https://docs.activecalculator.com/api-reference","target":"_blank","rel":"noopener noreferrer","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"API"}]}]
21:["$","li","Embed SDK JS",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"https://docs.activecalculator.com/sdks/embed-sdk/overview","target":"_blank","rel":"noopener noreferrer","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Embed SDK JS"}]}]
22:["$","div","Resources",{"children":[["$","h3",null,{"children":"Resources"}],["$","ul",null,{"role":"list","className":"mt-2 flex flex-col gap-2","children":[["$","li","Terms",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/terms","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Terms"}]}],["$","li","Privacy",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/privacy","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Privacy"}]}],["$","li","Book a Call",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/demo","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Book a Call"}]}],["$","li","Contact",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"/contact","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Contact"}]}],["$","li","Selvo",{"className":"text-mist-700 dark:text-mist-400","children":["$","$L8",null,{"href":"https://selvo.co","target":"_blank","rel":"noopener noreferrer","className":"transition-colors hover:text-mist-950 dark:hover:text-white","children":"Selvo"}]}]]}],"$undefined"]}]
2b:[["$","meta","0",{"charSet":"utf-8"}],["$","meta","1",{"name":"viewport","content":"width=device-width, initial-scale=1"}],["$","meta","2",{"name":"theme-color","content":"#fff"}]]
31:I[62540,[],"IconMark"]
2e:T46a,{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh and Find Runtime","dateModified":"2026-01-27T14:46:20.376Z","description":"Free battery capacity calculator converts amp-hours to watt-hours, calculates C-rate, discharge current, and runtime. Works for all battery types.","author":{"name":"ActiveCalculator","@type":"Organization"},"datePublished":"2026-01-27T14:27:48.065Z","headline":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh and Find Runtime","image":"https://activecalculator.com/api/og/calculator?title=Battery%20Capacity%20Calculator%3A%20Convert%20Ah%20to%20Wh%20and%20Find%20Runtime","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://activecalculator.com/calculators/everyday/battery-capacity","@type":"WebPage"},"publisher":{"name":"ActiveCalculator","@type":"Organization","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","height":112,"url":"https://activecalculator.com/logo.png","width":112}},"keywords":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh and Find Runtime, tool, Everyday Life, Everyday Life calculator","url":"https://activecalculator.com/calculators/everyday/battery-capacity"}2f:Tf6e,{"@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"name":"How do I convert amp-hours to watt-hours?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Multiply amp-hours by voltage: Wh = Ah × V. A 12V battery rated at 100 Ah stores 1,200 Wh (100 × 12 = 1,200). A 48V battery at 100 Ah stores 4,800 Wh. The formula works the same regardless of battery chemistry or size."}},{"name":"How do I convert watt-hours to amp-hours?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Divide watt-hours by voltage: Ah = Wh ÷ V. If you have a 500 Wh power station and need to know its capacity in Ah at 12V, that's 500 ÷ 12 = 41.7 Ah."}},{"name":"What is C-rate in simple terms?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"C-rate is just how fast a battery is being charged or discharged relative to its capacity. 1C means you'd drain the whole battery in one hour. 0.5C takes two hours. 2C takes thirty minutes. Lower C-rates are gentler on the battery and give you more usable capacity."}},{"name":"How do I calculate how long my battery will last?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Divide battery capacity (Ah) by current draw (A). A 50 Ah battery powering a 10A load lasts about 5 hours theoretically. For watt-based loads, first find the current: Amps = Watts ÷ Volts. Then reduce your estimate by 10-20% for real-world losses."}},{"name":"Why do two batteries with the same Ah rating store different amounts of energy?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Because amp-hours don't account for voltage. A 100 Ah battery at 12V stores 1,200 Wh, while 100 Ah at 48V stores 4,800 Wh. To compare batteries fairly, always convert to watt-hours first."}},{"name":"What's the difference between Ah and mAh?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Just scale. 1 Ah = 1,000 mAh. Phone batteries use mAh (like 5,000 mAh) because the numbers are more intuitive at that size. Larger batteries for solar, RVs, and EVs use Ah because writing \"100,000 mAh\" would be unwieldy."}},{"name":"How should I size a battery for my solar system?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Calculate your daily energy usage in watt-hours. Divide by your battery system voltage to get minimum Ah. Then add margin: divide by 0.8 for lithium (80% depth of discharge) or 0.5 for lead-acid (50% DoD). Finally, add 15% for inverter losses. For a 1,500 Wh daily need on a 48V LiFePO4 system, that works out to about 45-50 Ah."}},{"name":"Does battery capacity decrease over time?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Yes — all batteries gradually lose capacity with use. Lithium-ion cells typically retain about 80% capacity after 500-1,000 full cycles. LiFePO4 lasts much longer, often 2,000-5,000 cycles to reach 80%. How fast yours degrades depends on temperature, discharge depth, and charging habits."}},{"name":"Is it safe to fully discharge my battery?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Most batteries shouldn't be fully discharged regularly. Lead-acid batteries suffer permanent damage below 50% state of charge. Lithium batteries have built-in protection circuits that cut off before true zero, but routinely running them below 20% significantly shortens their lifespan. LiFePO4 handles deep discharges better than other lithium types, but shallow cycles still give you the longest life."}},{"name":"How accurate is this calculator's runtime estimate?","@type":"Question","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The runtime shown assumes ideal conditions — full rated capacity, no efficiency losses, constant load, and moderate temperature. Real-world runtime is typically 10-20% lower due to inverter losses, internal resistance, capacity reduction at higher C-rates, and temperature effects. Use the calculation as your starting point, then add 15-20% extra capacity as a buffer."}}]}25:[["$","script",null,{"dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"name\":\"Home\",\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"item\":\"https://activecalculator.com\",\"position\":1},{\"name\":\"Calculators\",\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"item\":\"https://activecalculator.com/calculators\",\"position\":2},{\"name\":\"Everyday Life\",\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"item\":\"https://activecalculator.com/calculators/everyday\",\"position\":3},{\"name\":\"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh and Find Runtime\",\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"item\":\"https://activecalculator.com/calculators/everyday/battery-capacity\",\"position\":4}]}"},"type":"application/ld+json"}],["$","script",null,{"dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"$2e"},"type":"application/ld+json"}],["$","script",null,{"dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"$2f"},"type":"application/ld+json"}],"$L30"]
28:null
2d:[["$","title","0",{"children":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh & Find Runtime"}],["$","meta","1",{"name":"description","content":"Free battery capacity calculator converts amp-hours to watt-hours, calculates C-rate, discharge current, and runtime. Works for all battery types."}],["$","link","2",{"rel":"canonical","href":"https://activecalculator.com/calculators/everyday/battery-capacity"}],["$","meta","3",{"property":"og:title","content":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh & Find Runtime"}],["$","meta","4",{"property":"og:description","content":"Free battery capacity calculator converts amp-hours to watt-hours, calculates C-rate, discharge current, and runtime. Works for all battery types."}],["$","meta","5",{"property":"og:url","content":"https://activecalculator.com/calculators/everyday/battery-capacity"}],["$","meta","6",{"property":"og:site_name","content":"ActiveCalculator"}],["$","meta","7",{"property":"og:locale","content":"en_US"}],["$","meta","8",{"property":"og:image","content":"https://activecalculator.com/api/og/calculator?title=Battery%20Capacity%20Calculator%3A%20Convert%20Ah%20to%20Wh%20and%20Find%20Runtime"}],["$","meta","9",{"property":"og:image:width","content":"1200"}],["$","meta","10",{"property":"og:image:height","content":"630"}],["$","meta","11",{"property":"og:image:alt","content":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh & Find Runtime"}],["$","meta","12",{"property":"og:type","content":"website"}],["$","meta","13",{"name":"twitter:card","content":"summary_large_image"}],["$","meta","14",{"name":"twitter:site","content":"@activecalculator"}],["$","meta","15",{"name":"twitter:creator","content":"@activecalculator"}],["$","meta","16",{"name":"twitter:title","content":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh & Find Runtime"}],["$","meta","17",{"name":"twitter:description","content":"Free battery capacity calculator converts amp-hours to watt-hours, calculates C-rate, discharge current, and runtime. Works for all battery types."}],["$","meta","18",{"name":"twitter:image","content":"https://activecalculator.com/api/og/calculator?title=Battery%20Capacity%20Calculator%3A%20Convert%20Ah%20to%20Wh%20and%20Find%20Runtime"}],["$","link","19",{"rel":"icon","href":"/favicon.ico?756f06c5b2066fec","type":"image/x-icon","sizes":"48x48"}],["$","$L31","20",{}]]
32:I[65569,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","6956","static/chunks/66a6e935-aee5d3cb85c323ac.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","9858","static/chunks/9858-f1918ded0530ca69.js","609","static/chunks/609-95e41ae6a69b88b2.js","2456","static/chunks/2456-94cb89c116d69dd0.js","994","static/chunks/994-2c56ebb2d663b523.js","6472","static/chunks/6472-2ee935ddbae5821a.js","3349","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/calculators/%5Bcategory%5D/%5Bslug%5D/page-70bb6ad84377852d.js"],"JumplistProvider"]
33:I[52456,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","6956","static/chunks/66a6e935-aee5d3cb85c323ac.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","9858","static/chunks/9858-f1918ded0530ca69.js","609","static/chunks/609-95e41ae6a69b88b2.js","2456","static/chunks/2456-94cb89c116d69dd0.js","994","static/chunks/994-2c56ebb2d663b523.js","6472","static/chunks/6472-2ee935ddbae5821a.js","3349","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/calculators/%5Bcategory%5D/%5Bslug%5D/page-70bb6ad84377852d.js"],"RichText"]
34:I[52924,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","6956","static/chunks/66a6e935-aee5d3cb85c323ac.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","9858","static/chunks/9858-f1918ded0530ca69.js","609","static/chunks/609-95e41ae6a69b88b2.js","2456","static/chunks/2456-94cb89c116d69dd0.js","994","static/chunks/994-2c56ebb2d663b523.js","6472","static/chunks/6472-2ee935ddbae5821a.js","3349","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/calculators/%5Bcategory%5D/%5Bslug%5D/page-70bb6ad84377852d.js"],"ShareButtons"]
35:I[56472,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","6956","static/chunks/66a6e935-aee5d3cb85c323ac.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","9858","static/chunks/9858-f1918ded0530ca69.js","609","static/chunks/609-95e41ae6a69b88b2.js","2456","static/chunks/2456-94cb89c116d69dd0.js","994","static/chunks/994-2c56ebb2d663b523.js","6472","static/chunks/6472-2ee935ddbae5821a.js","3349","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/calculators/%5Bcategory%5D/%5Bslug%5D/page-70bb6ad84377852d.js"],"RenderBlocks"]
30:["$","div",null,{"className":"min-h-screen bg-white","children":["$","$L32",null,{"children":["$","div",null,{"className":"py-10 lg:py-12 container","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-6","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"flex items-center flex-wrap gap-1 text-mist-600","children":[["$","$L8",null,{"className":"typo-small font-medium hover:text-blue-600 transition-colors duration-200","href":"/calculators","children":"Calculators"}],["$","svg",null,{"className":"text-mist-600","fill":"none","height":"16","stroke":"currentColor","strokeLinecap":"round","strokeLinejoin":"round","strokeWidth":"2","viewBox":"0 0 24 24","width":"16","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","children":["$","polyline",null,{"points":"9 18 15 12 9 6"}]}],["$","$L8",null,{"className":"typo-small font-medium hover:text-blue-600 transition-colors duration-200","href":"/calculators/everyday","children":"Everyday Life"}]]}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"mb-8","children":[["$","h1",null,{"className":"typo-title mb-4 text-mist-950","children":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh and Find Runtime"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"text-mist-600 typo-normal max-w-2xl mb-4","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Convert between amp-hours and watt-hours, calculate C-rate, discharge current, and battery runtime. Works for lithium, lead-acid, LiFePO4, and all battery types.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex mt-4","children":["$","$L34",null,{"variant":"full","title":"Battery Capacity Calculator: Convert Ah to Wh and Find Runtime"}]}]]}],false,["$","div",null,{"className":"grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-6 gap-8","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"lg:col-span-4","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm p-8 mb-6","children":["$","$L35",null,{"blocks":[{"blockType":"blogContent","blogContentFields":{"settings":{"background":"default","paddingTop":"medium","paddingBottom":"medium"},"richText":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"You've got a battery spec sheet in front of you that says \"100 Ah\" — but how much energy is that, really? And how long will it actually power your setup? The answer depends on voltage, discharge rate, and a few other factors that aren't always obvious from a label.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"This battery capacity calculator takes those raw numbers and turns them into something useful. Enter your battery's voltage and amp-hour rating, and you'll instantly see the stored energy in watt-hours, along with C-rate, discharge current, and estimated runtime. Whether you're building a solar battery bank, picking a battery for a DIY e-bike, or figuring out if your UPS will survive a two-hour power outage, this tool does the math so you don't have to.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Understanding Battery Capacity: Ah vs. Wh","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"heading","version":1,"tag":"h2"},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Battery capacity gets confusing fast because manufacturers use two different units — and they measure different things.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Amp-hours (Ah)","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" tell you how much current a battery can deliver over time. A 100 Ah battery can supply 1 amp for 100 hours, 10 amps for 10 hours, or 100 amps for 1 hour. Think of it like the size of a water tank — it tells you the volume, but not the pressure.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Watt-hours (Wh)","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" tell you the actual energy stored. They factor in both current ","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":2,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"and","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" voltage, which gives you the full picture. This is like knowing both the volume and the pressure of that water tank — now you know how much work it can actually do.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Here's why this matters in practice: a 100 Ah battery at 12V stores 1,200 Wh. The same 100 Ah rating at 48V stores 4,800 Wh — four times the energy. If you're shopping for batteries and only comparing amp-hours, you're missing the real story.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Battery Voltage","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":3,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Capacity (Ah)","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Stored Energy (Wh)","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Real-World Equivalent","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"3.7V ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"5 Ah","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"18.5 Wh ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Typical phone battery","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"12V ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"100 Ah ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"1,200 Wh ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Car/RV battery","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"36V","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"14 Ah","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"504 Wh ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"E-bike battery","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"48V","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"100 Ah","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"4,800 Wh ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Home solar storage","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"table","version":1,"colWidths":[92,92,92,92]},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"The Formulas Behind the Calculator","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"heading","version":1,"tag":"h2"},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"The math here is refreshingly simple.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Amp-hours to watt-hours:","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Wh = Ah × V","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Multiply your battery's amp-hour rating by its voltage. A 20V power tool battery rated at 5 Ah stores 100 Wh of energy. Double the voltage to 40V with the same 5 Ah, and you've got 200 Wh.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Watt-hours to amp-hours:","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Ah = Wh ÷ V","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"This one is handy when you know how much energy you need and want to figure out the battery capacity. Need 600 Wh from a 12V system? That's 50 Ah (600 ÷ 12).","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Runtime:","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Runtime (hours) = Battery Capacity (Ah) ÷ Load Current (A)","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"A 100 Ah battery feeding a 25A load runs for about 4 hours on paper. Real-world runtime will be shorter — more on that below.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"C-rate:","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"C-rate = Discharge Current (A) ÷ Battery Capacity (Ah)","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"C-rate tells you how fast you're draining the battery relative to its size. A 1C rate empties it in one hour. A 0.5C rate takes two. This number matters more than most people realize.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"How to Use This Calculator","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"heading","version":1,"tag":"h2"},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Enter your battery voltage.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" This is the nominal voltage — 3.7V for a single lithium cell, 12V for a standard lead-acid battery, 48V for a typical e-bike pack. Use the dropdown to switch between volts, millivolts, or kilovolts.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"listitem","version":1,"textFormat":1,"value":1},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Enter battery capacity.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" Type in the amp-hour rating from your battery's label or datasheet. The dropdown lets you switch to milliamp-hours if you're working with smaller batteries like phone or drone cells.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"listitem","version":1,"textFormat":1,"value":2},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Check your stored energy.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" The calculator instantly shows total energy in watt-hours. Switch to kilowatt-hours using the dropdown if you're working with larger systems — a 4,800 Wh solar bank reads more cleanly as 4.8 kWh.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"listitem","version":1,"textFormat":1,"value":3},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Explore the advanced parameters.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" Click \"Other battery parameters\" to reveal C-rate, discharge current, and runtime. Try adjusting the C-rate to see how different load levels change your runtime — this is where the calculator really shines for system planning.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"listitem","version":1,"textFormat":1,"value":4}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"list","version":1,"textFormat":1,"listType":"number","start":1,"tag":"ol"},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Understanding C-Rate (and Why It Matters More Than You Think)","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"heading","version":1,"tag":"h2"},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"C-rate trips up a lot of people, but the concept is simpler than it sounds. It's just a way of expressing how fast you're using (or charging) a battery relative to its total capacity.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Picture a 10 Ah battery. If you draw 10 amps from it, that's a 1C discharge — you'll empty it in about one hour. Pull 5 amps, and you're at 0.5C — two hours of runtime. Crank it up to 20 amps (2C), and the battery lasts roughly 30 minutes.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"But here's what most people miss:","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" C-rate doesn't just affect how fast the battery drains — it affects how ","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":2,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"much","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" usable energy you actually get.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"At higher C-rates, internal resistance causes more energy to be lost as heat. A battery rated at 100 Ah might only deliver 85-90 Ah at a 1C discharge rate because the voltage sags under heavy load. At a gentle 0.1C rate, you'll get closer to the full rated capacity.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"This has real consequences for system design:","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"C-Rate ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":3,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Discharge Time","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Typical Usable Capacity","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Best For","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1,"height":69},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"0.05C","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"20 hours","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"100% of rated","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Standby, IoT sensors","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"0.2C","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"5 hours ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"~95% of rated","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Solar storage, overnight backup","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1,"height":45},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"0.5C","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"2 hours","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"~90% of rated","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Power tools, e-bikes","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"1C","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"1 hour ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"~85% of rated","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"High-performance applications","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"2C+","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"30 min or less","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"~75-80% of rated","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Drones, RC vehicles, burst loads","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"table","version":1,"colWidths":[92,92,92,92]},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Bottom line:","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" if you're sizing a battery for a specific runtime, don't just divide amp-hours by current draw and call it done. Factor in the capacity loss from your actual C-rate, especially for high-drain applications.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Practical Examples","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"heading","version":1,"tag":"h2"},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Sizing a solar battery bank for overnight use","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Your home uses about 1,500 Wh between sunset and sunrise. With a 48V battery system: 1,500 Wh ÷ 48V = 31.25 Ah minimum. But you should never plan to use 100% of your battery. With LiFePO4 batteries (safe to 80% depth of discharge), you need: 31.25 ÷ 0.8 = ~39 Ah. Add 15% for inverter losses: ~45 Ah at 48V. In practice, a 50 Ah 48V LiFePO4 battery bank would handle this nicely with some margin to spare.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Comparing two e-bike batteries","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Battery A: 36V, 14 Ah (504 Wh, $300). Battery B: 48V, 10.5 Ah (504 Wh, $350). These store identical energy — same range potential. But the 48V battery delivers that energy at lower current, meaning less heat, slightly better efficiency, and often better hill-climbing performance. Whether that's worth $50 more depends on your terrain.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"How long will a UPS keep your home office running?","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Your setup draws 350W (monitor, laptop, router, lamp). Your UPS has a 24V, 9 Ah battery. Stored energy: 24 × 9 = 216 Wh. At 350W: 216 ÷ 350 = 0.62 hours. Factor in ~85% inverter efficiency: about 31 minutes of real runtime. Enough to save your work and shut down cleanly, but not enough to power through a long outage.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Estimating drone flight time","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Your racing drone runs a 22.2V 6S LiPo at 1,300 mAh (1.3 Ah). Stored energy: 22.2 × 1.3 = 28.9 Wh. Average current draw in aggressive flying: about 30A — that's a 23C discharge rate. At that rate, usable capacity drops to maybe 70-75% of rated, giving you around 2-2.5 minutes of hard flying. In a more moderate cruise, drawing 15A (11.5C), you'd get roughly 4-5 minutes. Race LiPos are a different beast than solar batteries.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Common Mistakes When Calculating Battery Capacity","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"heading","version":1,"tag":"h2"},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Comparing batteries by Ah alone across different voltages.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" A 200 Ah 12V battery (2,400 Wh) stores less energy than a 100 Ah 24V battery (2,400 Wh) — wait, actually those are equal. But a 50 Ah 48V battery (2,400 Wh) stores the same energy in a much smaller, lighter package. Always convert to Wh before comparing.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Assuming you can use 100% of rated capacity.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" Lead-acid batteries should only be discharged to 50% regularly. Even lithium batteries perform best when kept between 20-80%. If a calculation says you need exactly 100 Ah, buying a 100 Ah battery means you'll routinely over-discharge it and kill it prematurely.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Ignoring temperature effects.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" Cold weather can cut battery capacity by 10-30%, depending on chemistry. If you're sizing batteries for an outdoor installation in a cold climate, you need extra headroom. A 100 Ah lithium battery at -10°C might only deliver 75-80 Ah.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Using rated capacity at the wrong C-rate.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" That 100 Ah rating on your battery was measured at a specific discharge rate — usually the 20-hour rate (0.05C) for lead-acid. If you're pulling power at 1C, you won't get anywhere near 100 Ah. Check your battery's datasheet for capacity at different discharge rates.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Forgetting inverter losses.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" When powering AC devices from a DC battery through an inverter, you lose 10-15% of the energy as heat in the conversion process. Always add this to your calculations.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Battery Types at a Glance","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"heading","version":1,"tag":"h2"},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Battery Type ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":3,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Energy Density","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Typical Cycle Life","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Safe Depth of Discharge","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Max Continuous C-Rate ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Common Uses","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":1,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Li-ion ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"High ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"500–1,000 cycles","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"80–90% ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"1–2C","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Phones, laptops, EVs ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"LiFePO4 ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Medium ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"2,000–5,000 cycles","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"80–100%","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"1–3C","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Solar storage, RVs, marine","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Lead-acid (AGM)","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Low ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"200–500 cycles ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"50%","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"0.2C","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Cars, budget backup power","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"LiPo","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"High ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"200–500 cycles","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"80%","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"10–50C burst","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Drones, RC, high-drain ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"NiMH ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":2,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Medium ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"500–1,000 cycles","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"100%","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"1–2C ","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1},{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"AA/AAA rechargeables, hybrids","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablecell","version":1,"backgroundColor":null,"colSpan":1,"headerState":0,"rowSpan":1}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"tablerow","version":1,"height":41}],"direction":"ltr","format":"","indent":0,"type":"table","version":1,"colWidths":[92,92,92,92,92,92]},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Quick guidance:","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" For most home solar and backup applications, LiFePO4 is the best long-term value despite higher upfront cost. The 2,000-5,000 cycle lifespan means you'll replace lead-acid batteries 4-5 times before a LiFePO4 pack wears out. For weight-sensitive portable applications, Li-ion or LiPo are the way to go.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Tips for Getting More Life Out of Your Batteries","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"heading","version":1,"tag":"h2"},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Charge to 80%, not 100%.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" This one tip alone can nearly double the cycle life of most lithium batteries. The last 20% of charge puts the most stress on the cells. If you don't need the full range every time, stopping at 80% is the single best thing you can do.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Avoid deep discharges.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" Running lithium batteries below 20% regularly accelerates degradation. For lead-acid, the threshold is even higher — keeping them above 50% dramatically extends their life. Think of it as a rule of thumb: the less of your battery's range you use per cycle, the more cycles you'll get.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Store batteries at 40-60% charge.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" If you're putting batteries away for more than a month, charge them to about half. Storing fully charged or fully depleted causes faster capacity loss. Most lithium batteries lose 1-2% capacity per month in storage at room temperature.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Keep batteries cool.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" Every 10°C above 25°C roughly doubles the rate of calendar aging in lithium batteries. Don't leave battery packs in hot cars, and if your system generates heat, make sure there's adequate ventilation.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""},{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":1,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Match your batteries.","type":"text","version":1},{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":" In multi-cell packs or parallel battery banks, use batteries of the same age, chemistry, and capacity. Mixing old and new batteries forces the weaker cells to work harder, which drags down performance and shortens the life of the entire pack.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":1,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1,"textFormat":1}}},"id":"6978cb63cd35ee00047c57fd"}]}]}],"$L36"]}],"$L37"]}]]}]}]}]
3d:I[51318,["9310","static/chunks/f8d55a4d-f82e876c81147bfd.js","6956","static/chunks/66a6e935-aee5d3cb85c323ac.js","7821","static/chunks/7821-fecf606f47f1f58d.js","8963","static/chunks/8963-69c253eec8d741c5.js","9858","static/chunks/9858-f1918ded0530ca69.js","609","static/chunks/609-95e41ae6a69b88b2.js","2456","static/chunks/2456-94cb89c116d69dd0.js","994","static/chunks/994-2c56ebb2d663b523.js","6472","static/chunks/6472-2ee935ddbae5821a.js","3349","static/chunks/app/(frontend)/calculators/%5Bcategory%5D/%5Bslug%5D/page-70bb6ad84377852d.js"],"Calculator"]
36:["$","div",null,{"className":"bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm p-8","children":[["$","h2",null,{"className":"typo-large mb-6 text-mist-950","children":"Frequently Asked Questions"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"space-y-6","children":[["$","div","0",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"How do I convert amp-hours to watt-hours?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Multiply amp-hours by voltage: Wh = Ah × V. A 12V battery rated at 100 Ah stores 1,200 Wh (100 × 12 = 1,200). A 48V battery at 100 Ah stores 4,800 Wh. The formula works the same regardless of battery chemistry or size.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}],["$","div","1",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"How do I convert watt-hours to amp-hours?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Divide watt-hours by voltage: Ah = Wh ÷ V. If you have a 500 Wh power station and need to know its capacity in Ah at 12V, that's 500 ÷ 12 = 41.7 Ah.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}],["$","div","2",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"What is C-rate in simple terms?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"C-rate is just how fast a battery is being charged or discharged relative to its capacity. 1C means you'd drain the whole battery in one hour. 0.5C takes two hours. 2C takes thirty minutes. Lower C-rates are gentler on the battery and give you more usable capacity.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}],["$","div","3",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"How do I calculate how long my battery will last?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Divide battery capacity (Ah) by current draw (A). A 50 Ah battery powering a 10A load lasts about 5 hours theoretically. For watt-based loads, first find the current: Amps = Watts ÷ Volts. Then reduce your estimate by 10-20% for real-world losses.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}],["$","div","4",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"Why do two batteries with the same Ah rating store different amounts of energy?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Because amp-hours don't account for voltage. A 100 Ah battery at 12V stores 1,200 Wh, while 100 Ah at 48V stores 4,800 Wh. To compare batteries fairly, always convert to watt-hours first.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}],["$","div","5",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"What's the difference between Ah and mAh?"}],"$L38"]}],"$L39","$L3a","$L3b","$L3c"]}]]}]
37:["$","div",null,{"className":"lg:col-span-2","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"sticky top-24 mb-6 max-h-[calc(100vh-6rem)] overflow-y-auto space-y-4","children":[["$","$L3d",null,{"className":"rounded-xl shadow-sm","id":"cmkvh2i7d0000la047velq55f"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm p-4","children":["$","nav",null,{"aria-label":"Table of contents","children":[["$","h2",null,{"className":"text-lg font-display font-normal mb-4 text-mist-900","children":"Table of Contents"}],["$","ul",null,{"className":"space-y-2.5","children":[["$","li","understanding-battery-capacity-ah-vs-wh",{"className":"","children":["$","$L8",null,{"className":"block py-1 text-mist-600 hover:text-mist-900 hover:underline transition-colors leading-relaxed text-sm no-underline","href":"#understanding-battery-capacity-ah-vs-wh","children":"Understanding Battery Capacity: Ah vs. Wh"}]}],["$","li","the-formulas-behind-the-calculator",{"className":"","children":["$","$L8",null,{"className":"block py-1 text-mist-600 hover:text-mist-900 hover:underline transition-colors leading-relaxed text-sm no-underline","href":"#the-formulas-behind-the-calculator","children":"The Formulas Behind the Calculator"}]}],["$","li","how-to-use-this-calculator",{"className":"","children":["$","$L8",null,{"className":"block py-1 text-mist-600 hover:text-mist-900 hover:underline transition-colors leading-relaxed text-sm no-underline","href":"#how-to-use-this-calculator","children":"How to Use This Calculator"}]}],["$","li","understanding-c-rate-and-why-it-matters-more-than-you-think",{"className":"","children":["$","$L8",null,{"className":"block py-1 text-mist-600 hover:text-mist-900 hover:underline transition-colors leading-relaxed text-sm no-underline","href":"#understanding-c-rate-and-why-it-matters-more-than-you-think","children":"Understanding C-Rate (and Why It Matters More Than You Think)"}]}],["$","li","practical-examples",{"className":"","children":["$","$L8",null,{"className":"block py-1 text-mist-600 hover:text-mist-900 hover:underline transition-colors leading-relaxed text-sm no-underline","href":"#practical-examples","children":"Practical Examples"}]}],["$","li","common-mistakes-when-calculating-battery-capacity",{"className":"","children":["$","$L8",null,{"className":"block py-1 text-mist-600 hover:text-mist-900 hover:underline transition-colors leading-relaxed text-sm no-underline","href":"#common-mistakes-when-calculating-battery-capacity","children":"Common Mistakes When Calculating Battery Capacity"}]}],["$","li","battery-types-at-a-glance",{"className":"","children":["$","$L8",null,{"className":"block py-1 text-mist-600 hover:text-mist-900 hover:underline transition-colors leading-relaxed text-sm no-underline","href":"#battery-types-at-a-glance","children":"Battery Types at a Glance"}]}],["$","li","tips-for-getting-more-life-out-of-your-batteries",{"className":"","children":["$","$L8",null,{"className":"block py-1 text-mist-600 hover:text-mist-900 hover:underline transition-colors leading-relaxed text-sm no-underline","href":"#tips-for-getting-more-life-out-of-your-batteries","children":"Tips for Getting More Life Out of Your Batteries"}]}]]}]]}]}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"space-y-6","children":false}]]}]
38:["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Just scale. 1 Ah = 1,000 mAh. Phone batteries use mAh (like 5,000 mAh) because the numbers are more intuitive at that size. Larger batteries for solar, RVs, and EVs use Ah because writing \"100,000 mAh\" would be unwieldy.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]
39:["$","div","6",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"How should I size a battery for my solar system?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Calculate your daily energy usage in watt-hours. Divide by your battery system voltage to get minimum Ah. Then add margin: divide by 0.8 for lithium (80% depth of discharge) or 0.5 for lead-acid (50% DoD). Finally, add 15% for inverter losses. For a 1,500 Wh daily need on a 48V LiFePO4 system, that works out to about 45-50 Ah.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}]
3a:["$","div","7",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"Does battery capacity decrease over time?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Yes — all batteries gradually lose capacity with use. Lithium-ion cells typically retain about 80% capacity after 500-1,000 full cycles. LiFePO4 lasts much longer, often 2,000-5,000 cycles to reach 80%. How fast yours degrades depends on temperature, discharge depth, and charging habits.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}]
3b:["$","div","8",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"Is it safe to fully discharge my battery?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"Most batteries shouldn't be fully discharged regularly. Lead-acid batteries suffer permanent damage below 50% state of charge. Lithium batteries have built-in protection circuits that cut off before true zero, but routinely running them below 20% significantly shortens their lifespan. LiFePO4 handles deep discharges better than other lithium types, but shallow cycles still give you the longest life.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}]
3c:["$","div","9",{"className":"pb-6 last:pb-0","children":[["$","h3",null,{"className":"text-lg font-medium text-mist-950 mb-3","children":"How accurate is this calculator's runtime estimate?"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"prose max-w-none text-mist-600","children":["$","$L33",null,{"content":{"root":{"children":[{"children":[{"detail":0,"format":0,"mode":"normal","style":"","text":"The runtime shown assumes ideal conditions — full rated capacity, no efficiency losses, constant load, and moderate temperature. Real-world runtime is typically 10-20% lower due to inverter losses, internal resistance, capacity reduction at higher C-rates, and temperature effects. Use the calculation as your starting point, then add 15-20% extra capacity as a buffer.","type":"text","version":1}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"paragraph","version":1,"textFormat":0,"textStyle":""}],"direction":null,"format":"","indent":0,"type":"root","version":1}}}]}]]}]